Paper cutting is one of the most beloved traditional folk arts in China. It serves not only as a decorative art form but also as a rich carrier of cultural connotations and historical significance. The origins of paper cutting can be traced back to the 6th century, and it may even have earlier roots. The earliest form of paper cutting appeared during the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods (3rd century BC), when people used thin materials such as gold foil, leather, silk, and leaves to create handicrafts through various perforation and carving techniques.
During the Tang Dynasty, paper cutting entered a period of significant development. The practice of using paper cutting for soul-summoning rituals was particularly popular at that time, and the skills involved in paper cutting reached a high level of sophistication. The paper cuts featured complete compositions and delicate details. Additionally, people in the Tang Dynasty also used paper cutting as a form of printing plate. They carved thick paper into stencil printing plates and then printed dyes onto cloth to create beautiful patterns.
In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, paper cutting techniques matured and reached their peak. The application of paper cutting became more widespread. For example, the decorations on folk lanterns, fans, and embroidery patterns were all created using paper cutting techniques. Many people in the folk community used paper cutting as a home decoration to beautify their living spaces, such as with window flowers.
Paper cutting is not only an art form but also a cultural symbol. It is commonly used for religious purposes, decoration, and as patterns. Nowadays, it is primarily used for decoration, either pasted on walls, windows, doors, columns, mirrors, lamps, and lanterns in homes, or used to decorate gifts, or given as gifts themselves. During festivals, especially the Spring Festival, people paste auspicious paper cuts on doors and windows to express their wishes for bidding farewell to the old year, welcoming the new year, and inviting good fortune.
